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Gholamhossein Karbaschi
Gholamhossein Karbaschi ((ペルシア語:غلامحسین کرباسچی)) (born 23 August 1954) is an Iranian politician who was the mayor of Tehran from 1989 until 1998. He is considered politically reformist and is a close ally of former president Mohammad Khatami. He was arrested, tried convicted and imprisoned on corruption charges in what the ''New York Times'' claimed "was widely seen among moderates as a politically motivated attack" by the government's conservatives and hard-liners to thwart President Mohammad Khatami's reformist agenda.〔(Iran's Ex-President Backs a Jailed Aide ) ''The New York Times'', 9 May 1999.〕 He is currently General Secretary of Executives of Construction Party.
==Background==
Karbaschi was trained as a cleric in the holy city of Qom and spent time in Evin prison for his political activities before the Islamic Revolution.〔(The Case of the Tehran Mayor: Reform on Trial ) ''The New York Times''〕 He earned a degree in architecture and in civil engineering in Italy.
Karbaschi was a driving force for many new modernization efforts. As the Mayor of Tehran he was known for having bulldozed apartment buildings and office buildings built without city approval, removed revolutionary graffiti from walls, planted thousands of trees, banned much of the private traffic in central Tehran and opened more than a hundred parks. Karbaschi also angered bazaar merchants by raising taxes and contributing to the city's soaring real estate prices, earning him the reputation during his time as mayor of "the most loved and hated man in Tehran."〔 He started the first Iranian full colour newspaper, ''Hamshahri'' when he was the mayor of Tehran.
Karbaschi was one of the key supporters of President Mohammad Khatami's first presidential election campaign which lead to Khatami's landslide victory (1997). After Khatami's victory, a power struggle started within the political establishment of Iran between the reformists and conservatives of the Iranian government. Karbaschi's arrest in April 1998 prompted thousands of student demonstrators to clash with riot police, and the Interior Minister (who was later arrested for sacrilege) to complain that he had not been informed of the arrest despite that fact that Karbaschi was a member of the president's cabinet in addition to being mayor of Iran's capital and largest city.〔(The World: The Mayor and the Mullahs; The Mouths That Roared in Iran. ) ''The New York Times''. 26 April 1998〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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